Biology MCQs – Set 1: High-Level Questions for UPSC/PSC/SSC CGL Prep

  1. Which branch of science deals with the study of insects?
    (A) Ichthyology
    (B) Entomology
    (C) Parasitology
    (D) Malacology
    Answer: (B)
  2. The scientific study of human populations is called –
    (A) Ecology
    (B) Genetics
    (C) Demography
    (D) Virology
    Answer: (C)
  3. The study of Zoology includes –
    (A) Living animals only
    (B) Living plants only
    (C) Both living and dead animals
    (D) Both living and dead plants
    Answer: (C)
  4. The study of flowers is known as –
    (A) Phrenology
    (B) Anthology
    (C) Agrostology
    (D) Palynology
    Answer: (B)
  5. Which of the following studies biological systems for mechanical use?
    (A) Bionics
    (B) Bionomics
    (C) Bionomy
    (D) Biometry
    Answer: (A)
  6. Silkworm rearing is known as –
    (A) Apiculture
    (B) Horticulture
    (C) Sericulture
    (D) Floriculture
    Answer: (C)
  7. Which of the following deals with honey bee farming?
    (A) Sericulture
    (B) Tissue Culture
    (C) Apiculture
    (D) Pisciculture
    Answer: (C)
  8. Which of the following does NOT match correctly?
    (A) Flower – Floriculture
    (B) Crop – Agronomy
    (C) Vegetable – Horticulture
    (D) Fruit – Botany
    Answer: (D)
  9. Study of ageing is called –
    (A) Oncology
    (B) Gerontology
    (C) Teratology
    (D) Ornithology
    Answer: (B)
  10. The study of bones is known as –
    (A) Osteology
    (B) Orology
    (C) Serology
    (D) Geology
    Answer: (A)
  11. What is hydroponics?
    (A) Growing plants without soil
    (B) Grafting plants
    (C) Study of vegetables
    (D) Soil conservation
    Answer: (A)
  12. Organisms with no sex chromosomes –
    (A) Monkey
    (B) Tiger
    (C) Butterfly
    (D) Lizard
    Answer: (C)
  13. What distinguishes plant cells from animal cells?
    (A) Mitochondria
    (B) Cell wall
    (C) Protoplasm
    (D) Nucleus
    Answer: (B)
  14. Which part of a cell is known as the ‘powerhouse’?
    (A) Ribosome
    (B) Mitochondria
    (C) Cell membrane
    (D) Centrosome
    Answer: (B)
  15. Which acid is injected by ants when they bite?
    (A) Glacial acetic acid
    (B) Methanol
    (C) Formic acid
    (D) Stearic acid
    Answer: (C)
  16. What is the average human body temperature?
    (A) 98.4°F
    (B) 98.6°F
    (C) 98.8°F
    (D) 99.0°F
    Answer: (B)
  17. Which of the following is a parasite?
    (A) Pitcher Plant
    (B) Cuscuta
    (C) Bladderwort
    (D) Sunflower
    Answer: (B)
  18. Which part of the brain controls vomiting and swallowing?
    (A) Cerebellum
    (B) Cerebrum
    (C) Medulla oblongata
    (D) Pons
    Answer: (C)
  19. Which cell structure is responsible for protein synthesis?
    (A) Ribosomes
    (B) Golgi apparatus
    (C) Lysosomes
    (D) Centrosome
    Answer: (A)
  20. Apoptosis is the process of –
    (A) Cell death
    (B) Ageing
    (C) Growth
    (D) Digestion
    Answer: (A)
  21. Gene is a segment of –
    (A) RNA
    (B) DNA
    (C) Protein
    (D) Chromosome
    Answer: (B)
  22. Who discovered the ‘Jumping Gene’ concept?
    (A) Mendel
    (B) Morgan
    (C) Barbara McClintock
    (D) Watson
    Answer: (C)
  23. Which is not a part of DNA?
    (A) Adenine
    (B) Guanine
    (C) Cytosine
    (D) Tyrosine
    Answer: (D)
  24. Organisms with a constant body temperature are –
    (A) Cold-blooded
    (B) Warm-blooded
    (C) Amphibians
    (D) None of the above
    Answer: (B)
  25. Which among the following is an insectivorous plant?
    (A) Lotus
    (B) Sunflower
    (C) Pitcher plant
    (D) Neem
    Answer: (C)
  26. Which part of the pitcher plant is modified into the pitcher?
    (A) Leaf
    (B) Stem
    (C) Root
    (D) Bud
    Answer: (A)
  27. Which one is a biofertilizer?
    (A) Urea
    (B) 2,4-D
    (C) Azolla
    (D) NPK
    Answer: (C)
  28. Cell wall in plant cells is composed of –
    (A) Lipids
    (B) Cellulose
    (C) Glycogen
    (D) Protein
    Answer: (B)
  29. DNA Fingerprinting is used to –
    (A) Identify criminals
    (B) Clone cells
    (C) Test blood
    (D) Produce vaccines
    Answer: (A)
  30. BT toxin gene in BT cotton is derived from –
    (A) Fungus
    (B) Bacterium
    (C) Virus
    (D) Insect
    Answer: (B)
  31. Bt stands for –
    (A) Bacillus toxic
    (B) Bacillus thuringiensis
    (C) Bacillus tapeworm
    (D) Biological toxin
    Answer: (B)
  32. Human Genome Project was started to –
    (A) Improve breeds
    (B) Clone humans
    (C) Map human genes
    (D) Study diseases
    Answer: (C)
  33. Which hormone is responsible for metabolism regulation?
    (A) Insulin
    (B) Glucagon
    (C) Thyroxine
    (D) Estrogen
    Answer: (C)
  34. Which is NOT a vitamin deficiency disease?
    (A) Rickets
    (B) Beriberi
    (C) Scurvy
    (D) Malaria
    Answer: (D)
  35. Which vitamin helps in blood clotting?
    (A) A
    (B) B12
    (C) C
    (D) K
    Answer: (D)
  36. Which gland is known as the ‘Master Gland’?
    (A) Adrenal
    (B) Pituitary
    (C) Thyroid
    (D) Pancreas
    Answer: (B)
  37. Blood group was discovered by –
    (A) Watson
    (B) Landsteiner
    (C) Mendel
    (D) Pavlov
    Answer: (B)
  38. Which part of blood helps in clotting?
    (A) RBC
    (B) WBC
    (C) Plasma
    (D) Platelets
    Answer: (D)
  39. The universal blood donor group is –
    (A) A
    (B) B
    (C) AB
    (D) O
    Answer: (D)
  40. The smallest bone in the human body is –
    (A) Stapes
    (B) Femur
    (C) Radius
    (D) Tibia
    Answer: (A)
  41. Which enzyme is present in saliva?
    (A) Pepsin
    (B) Amylase
    (C) Trypsin
    (D) Lipase
    Answer: (B)
  42. Which organ secretes insulin?
    (A) Liver
    (B) Kidney
    (C) Pancreas
    (D) Heart
    Answer: (C)
  43. Which organ in humans is most affected by malaria?
    (A) Lungs
    (B) Brain
    (C) Liver
    (D) Skin
    Answer: (C)
  44. Which blood cells are involved in immunity?
    (A) RBC
    (B) WBC
    (C) Platelets
    (D) Plasma
    Answer: (B)
  45. The longest bone in the human body is –
    (A) Tibia
    (B) Femur
    (C) Radius
    (D) Humerus
    Answer: (B)
  46. The process of converting food into energy is called –
    (A) Respiration
    (B) Photosynthesis
    (C) Digestion
    (D) Absorption
    Answer: (A)
  47. Plants get water through –
    (A) Phloem
    (B) Xylem
    (C) Roots
    (D) Stomata
    Answer: (B)
  48. Photosynthesis occurs in –
    (A) Chloroplast
    (B) Mitochondria
    (C) Nucleus
    (D) Vacuole
    Answer: (A)
  49. Which pigment is responsible for photosynthesis?
    (A) Hemoglobin
    (B) Melanin
    (C) Chlorophyll
    (D) Myoglobin
    Answer: (C)
  50. Which vitamin is known as the sunshine vitamin?
    (A) A
    (B) B12
    (C) D
    (D) E
    Answer: (C)
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