Biology MCQs – Set 14: High-Level Questions for UPSC/PSC/SSC CGL Prep

  1. Which organ is responsible for filtering and excreting urea from the blood?
    (A) Liver
    (B) Kidney
    (C) Lungs
    (D) Intestine
    Answer: (B)
  2. What is the role of mitochondria in the cell?
    (A) Protein synthesis
    (B) Energy production
    (C) Digestion
    (D) Cell division
    Answer: (B)
  3. Which vitamin is important for blood clotting?
    (A) Vitamin A
    (B) Vitamin C
    (C) Vitamin D
    (D) Vitamin K
    Answer: (D)
  4. Which of the following is a water-soluble vitamin?
    (A) Vitamin A
    (B) Vitamin D
    (C) Vitamin C
    (D) Vitamin E
    Answer: (C)
  5. Which tissue connects bones at joints?
    (A) Tendon
    (B) Ligament
    (C) Cartilage
    (D) Muscle
    Answer: (B)
  6. Which disease is caused due to deficiency of Vitamin A?
    (A) Scurvy
    (B) Rickets
    (C) Night blindness
    (D) Beriberi
    Answer: (C)
  7. Which is the largest lymphatic organ in the human body?
    (A) Tonsil
    (B) Spleen
    (C) Lymph node
    (D) Thymus
    Answer: (B)
  8. Which is the innermost layer of the skin?
    (A) Epidermis
    (B) Dermis
    (C) Hypodermis
    (D) Stratum corneum
    Answer: (C)
  9. Which part of the digestive system is mainly responsible for absorption of nutrients?
    (A) Stomach
    (B) Small intestine
    (C) Large intestine
    (D) Esophagus
    Answer: (B)
  10. Which organ produces bile?
    (A) Gallbladder
    (B) Pancreas
    (C) Liver
    (D) Stomach
    Answer: (C)
  11. The substance stored in liver and muscles as a reserve of energy is –
    (A) Glucose
    (B) Starch
    (C) Glycogen
    (D) Cellulose
    Answer: (C)
  12. Which hormone maintains the calcium balance in the blood?
    (A) Insulin
    (B) Calcitonin
    (C) Adrenaline
    (D) Glucagon
    Answer: (B)
  13. The part of the brain that controls heartbeat and breathing is –
    (A) Cerebellum
    (B) Medulla oblongata
    (C) Hypothalamus
    (D) Cerebrum
    Answer: (B)
  14. Which of the following carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart?
    (A) Pulmonary artery
    (B) Pulmonary vein
    (C) Aorta
    (D) Vena cava
    Answer: (B)
  15. The primary function of the rib cage is –
    (A) Support
    (B) Blood production
    (C) Protection of lungs and heart
    (D) Digestion
    Answer: (C)
  16. What is the basic structural and functional unit of the kidney?
    (A) Glomerulus
    (B) Nephron
    (C) Renal cortex
    (D) Tubule
    Answer: (B)
  17. Which gland secretes growth hormone?
    (A) Thyroid
    (B) Adrenal
    (C) Pituitary
    (D) Pancreas
    Answer: (C)
  18. Which type of blood vessel has valves?
    (A) Arteries
    (B) Veins
    (C) Capillaries
    (D) Arterioles
    Answer: (B)
  19. The tissue that transports food in plants is –
    (A) Xylem
    (B) Phloem
    (C) Parenchyma
    (D) Collenchyma
    Answer: (B)
  20. What is the term for animals that eat both plants and animals?
    (A) Herbivores
    (B) Carnivores
    (C) Omnivores
    (D) Insectivores
    Answer: (C)
  21. Which hormone regulates blood pressure and salt balance?
    (A) Insulin
    (B) Cortisol
    (C) Aldosterone
    (D) Estrogen
    Answer: (C)
  22. Which of the following is not a function of the skin?
    (A) Temperature regulation
    (B) Sensory reception
    (C) Vitamin D synthesis
    (D) Blood sugar regulation
    Answer: (D)
  23. Which of the following is an example of a fibrous joint?
    (A) Skull
    (B) Shoulder
    (C) Knee
    (D) Elbow
    Answer: (A)
  24. What type of blood cells are involved in immunity?
    (A) RBC
    (B) WBC
    (C) Platelets
    (D) Plasma cells
    Answer: (B)
  25. Which of these is not part of the central nervous system?
    (A) Brain
    (B) Spinal cord
    (C) Nerves
    (D) None of these
    Answer: (C)
  26. The main function of red blood cells is –
    (A) Blood clotting
    (B) Immunity
    (C) Transport of oxygen
    (D) Hormone secretion
    Answer: (C)
  27. Which of the following is a carnivorous plant?
    (A) Lotus
    (B) Sunflower
    (C) Venus flytrap
    (D) Peepal
    Answer: (C)
  28. Which organ system removes metabolic waste from the body?
    (A) Digestive
    (B) Respiratory
    (C) Excretory
    (D) Circulatory
    Answer: (C)
  29. Which hormone increases heart rate and breathing during stress?
    (A) Adrenaline
    (B) Insulin
    (C) Estrogen
    (D) Thyroxine
    Answer: (A)
  30. Which part of the cell contains chromosomes?
    (A) Mitochondria
    (B) Nucleus
    (C) Ribosomes
    (D) Golgi apparatus
    Answer: (B)
  31. The outermost covering of an animal cell is –
    (A) Cell wall
    (B) Cell membrane
    (C) Cytoplasm
    (D) Plasma
    Answer: (B)
  32. Which organ plays a key role in detoxifying chemicals and drugs?
    (A) Kidney
    (B) Liver
    (C) Spleen
    (D) Pancreas
    Answer: (B)
  33. Which plant part is mainly responsible for reproduction?
    (A) Leaf
    (B) Root
    (C) Flower
    (D) Stem
    Answer: (C)
  34. Which human organ has the ability to regenerate most efficiently?
    (A) Heart
    (B) Brain
    (C) Liver
    (D) Kidney
    Answer: (C)
  35. What is the role of platelets?
    (A) Transport oxygen
    (B) Fight infection
    (C) Clot blood
    (D) Carry nutrients
    Answer: (C)
  36. Which vitamin helps in absorption of iron?
    (A) Vitamin A
    (B) Vitamin C
    (C) Vitamin D
    (D) Vitamin E
    Answer: (B)
  37. Which blood vessel brings deoxygenated blood to the heart?
    (A) Aorta
    (B) Pulmonary vein
    (C) Vena cava
    (D) Pulmonary artery
    Answer: (C)
  38. Which one of these cells lacks a nucleus?
    (A) WBC
    (B) RBC
    (C) Platelet
    (D) Neuron
    Answer: (B)
  39. Which hormone prepares the uterus for pregnancy?
    (A) Estrogen
    (B) Testosterone
    (C) Progesterone
    (D) FSH
    Answer: (C)
  40. Which part of the digestive system stores bile?
    (A) Liver
    (B) Gallbladder
    (C) Pancreas
    (D) Small intestine
    Answer: (B)
  41. The enzyme amylase helps digest –
    (A) Fats
    (B) Proteins
    (C) Carbohydrates
    (D) Vitamins
    Answer: (C)
  42. Which structure in plants absorbs most of the water?
    (A) Root hairs
    (B) Xylem
    (C) Stem
    (D) Leaf veins
    Answer: (A)
  43. The lungs are covered by a membrane called –
    (A) Pericardium
    (B) Pleura
    (C) Peritoneum
    (D) Endothelium
    Answer: (B)
  44. What is the function of cilia in the respiratory tract?
    (A) Absorb oxygen
    (B) Filter dust particles
    (C) Digest mucus
    (D) Produce hormones
    Answer: (B)
  45. What is the function of chlorophyll?
    (A) Absorb minerals
    (B) Produce energy
    (C) Absorb sunlight
    (D) Store food
    Answer: (C)
  46. Which part of the brain controls voluntary actions?
    (A) Medulla
    (B) Cerebrum
    (C) Cerebellum
    (D) Pons
    Answer: (B)
  47. Which gland produces melatonin?
    (A) Adrenal
    (B) Thyroid
    (C) Pineal
    (D) Pituitary
    Answer: (C)
  48. Which component of blood carries hormones?
    (A) RBC
    (B) WBC
    (C) Platelets
    (D) Plasma
    Answer: (D)
  49. What is the shape of red blood cells?
    (A) Round
    (B) Oval
    (C) Biconcave
    (D) Cylindrical
    Answer: (C)
  50. Which gas is essential for cellular respiration?
    (A) Nitrogen
    (B) Oxygen
    (C) Carbon dioxide
    (D) Hydrogen
    Answer: (B)

Leave a Reply