Which Indian river is known as the “Sorrow of Bengal”?
(A) Ganga
(B) Brahmaputra
(C) Damodar
(D) Hooghly
Answer: (C)

Which of these is an endemic species?
(A) Lion-tailed macaque
(B) African elephant
(C) Bald eagle
(D) Polar bear
Answer: (A)

Which form of pollution is caused by aircrafts?
(A) Noise pollution
(B) Water pollution
(C) Thermal pollution
(D) Land pollution
Answer: (A)

Which international convention deals with the protection of migratory species?
(A) CITES
(B) CMS
(C) CBD
(D) UNFCCC
Answer: (B)

Which of the following is a major cause of soil erosion?
(A) Crop rotation
(B) Reforestation
(C) Overgrazing
(D) Organic farming
Answer: (C)

Which of these pollutants is mainly responsible for acid rain?
(A) Carbon monoxide
(B) Nitrogen oxides
(C) Methane
(D) Ozone
Answer: (B)

Which year was Project Tiger launched in India?
(A) 1970
(B) 1972
(C) 1973
(D) 1975
Answer: (C)

Which gas is primarily responsible for acid rain?
(A) CO2
(B) SO2
(C) O2
(D) H2
Answer: (B)

Which state has the maximum number of biosphere reserves in India?
(A) Madhya Pradesh
(B) Tamil Nadu
(C) Kerala
(D) Karnataka
Answer: (B)

Which of the following is NOT an abiotic factor?
(A) Soil
(B) Water
(C) Bacteria
(D) Temperature
Answer: (C)

Which organization releases the “Global Risks Report”?
(A) IMF
(B) UNEP
(C) World Economic Forum
(D) IPCC
Answer: (C)

Which country has the highest forest cover by area?
(A) Brazil
(B) Canada
(C) Russia
(D) USA
Answer: (C)

Which of these is an ecological pyramid?
(A) Pyramid of energy
(B) Pyramid of wealth
(C) Pyramid of height
(D) Pyramid of population
Answer: (A)

Which of these is an example of a detritivore?
(A) Lion
(B) Vulture
(C) Earthworm
(D) Grasshopper
Answer: (C)

Which of the following is a cause of desertification?
(A) Plantation of trees
(B) Deforestation
(C) Conservation of soil
(D) Rainwater harvesting
Answer: (B)

Which Indian city is first to receive UNESCO “World Heritage City” tag?
(A) Jaipur
(B) Ahmedabad
(C) Varanasi
(D) Mysuru
Answer: (B)

Which one of the following is a renewable source of energy?
(A) Coal
(B) Petroleum
(C) Natural gas
(D) Tidal energy
Answer: (D)

Which species is called an “umbrella species” for conservation efforts?
(A) Tiger
(B) Frog
(C) Crow
(D) Earthworm
Answer: (A)

Which act governs air quality standards in India?
(A) Water Act, 1974
(B) Air Act, 1981
(C) EPA, 1986
(D) Forest Act, 1927
Answer: (B)

Which gas is a major contributor to the greenhouse effect after CO2?
(A) Methane
(B) Oxygen
(C) Nitrogen
(D) Argon
Answer: (A)

Which is an example of ex-situ conservation?
(A) Sanctuary
(B) National Park
(C) Zoo
(D) Reserved Forest
Answer: (C)

Which one of the following animals is a herbivore?
(A) Lion
(B) Wolf
(C) Cow
(D) Fox
Answer: (C)

Which year was the Wildlife Protection Act passed in India?
(A) 1972
(B) 1975
(C) 1980
(D) 1985
Answer: (A)

Which of the following is an ecosystem service?
(A) Soil formation
(B) Oil extraction
(C) Mining
(D) Construction
Answer: (A)

Which of the following factors does NOT affect biodiversity?
(A) Habitat loss
(B) Over-exploitation
(C) Climate stability
(D) Invasive species
Answer: (C)

Which one is the primary cause of urban smog?
(A) Dust storms
(B) Industrial emissions
(C) Photochemical reactions
(D) Ocean spray
Answer: (C)

Which of these is a natural cause of climate change?
(A) Burning of fossil fuels
(B) Volcanic eruptions
(C) Deforestation
(D) Overfishing
Answer: (B)

Which program is related to tree plantation drive across India?
(A) Jal Shakti Abhiyan
(B) Van Mahotsav
(C) Save Tiger Program
(D) Beti Bachao Beti Padhao
Answer: (B)

Which is the largest estuarine crocodile habitat in India?
(A) Sunderbans
(B) Bhitarkanika
(C) Coringa
(D) Gulf of Kutch
Answer: (B)

Which natural disaster is measured by the Richter scale?
(A) Tsunami
(B) Earthquake
(C) Flood
(D) Cyclone
Answer: (B)

Which Indian national park is a World Heritage Site for its biodiversity?
(A) Jim Corbett
(B) Manas National Park
(C) Ranthambore
(D) Bandipur
Answer: (B)

Which form of farming reduces soil erosion the most?
(A) Slash and burn
(B) Terrace farming
(C) Monoculture
(D) Shifting cultivation
Answer: (B)

Which of these environmental movements is associated with Sunderlal Bahuguna?
(A) Narmada Bachao Andolan
(B) Chipko Movement
(C) Appiko Movement
(D) Save Silent Valley
Answer: (B)

Which protocol is aimed at reducing global HFC emissions?
(A) Montreal Protocol
(B) Kigali Amendment
(C) Kyoto Protocol
(D) Stockholm Convention
Answer: (B)

Which factor is responsible for eutrophication in lakes?
(A) Increased oxygen
(B) Increased nutrient load
(C) Decrease in salinity
(D) Increase in temperature
Answer: (B)

Which of these is NOT a direct consequence of deforestation?
(A) Soil erosion
(B) Loss of biodiversity
(C) Global warming
(D) Ozone layer depletion
Answer: (D)

Which UN body deals with climate change issues?
(A) UNEP
(B) UNFCCC
(C) UNESCO
(D) UNDP
Answer: (B)

Which of the following is an aquatic ecosystem?
(A) Grassland
(B) Mangrove
(C) Desert
(D) Mountain
Answer: (B)

Which Indian river system flows into the Arabian Sea?
(A) Ganga
(B) Brahmaputra
(C) Godavari
(D) Narmada
Answer: (D)

What is the main purpose of Red List of IUCN?
(A) List of environmental treaties
(B) List of endangered species
(C) List of water bodies
(D) List of renewable resources
Answer: (B)

Which country was the first to achieve net-zero emissions target?
(A) Sweden
(B) Bhutan
(C) Germany
(D) Japan
Answer: (B)

Which of these contributes to the “urban heat island” effect?
(A) Plantation
(B) Deforestation
(C) Concrete structures
(D) Large lakes
Answer: (C)

Which one is an example of secondary air pollutant?
(A) Carbon monoxide
(B) Ozone
(C) Sulfur dioxide
(D) Nitrogen oxide
Answer: (B)

Which of these is NOT a natural greenhouse gas?
(A) Water vapor
(B) Methane
(C) Nitrogen
(D) Carbon dioxide
Answer: (C)

Which process converts atmospheric nitrogen into usable forms for plants?
(A) Photosynthesis
(B) Nitrogen fixation
(C) Carbon cycle
(D) Decomposition
Answer: (B)

Which of these lakes is NOT a Ramsar site in India?
(A) Chilika
(B) Loktak
(C) Dal
(D) Wular
Answer: (C)

Which country is famous for its successful “Great Green Wall” initiative?
(A) China
(B) Nigeria
(C) USA
(D) Brazil
Answer: (A)

Which is the leading cause of species extinction worldwide?
(A) Climate change
(B) Invasive species
(C) Habitat destruction
(D) Overharvesting
Answer: (C)

Which gas is primarily responsible for the smell of rotten eggs in sewage?
(A) Ammonia
(B) Hydrogen sulfide
(C) Nitrogen
(D) Carbon monoxide
Answer: (B)

Which international agreement focuses specifically on biodiversity conservation?
(A) Ramsar Convention
(B) UNFCCC
(C) CBD
(D) Stockholm Convention
Answer: (C)