Which of the following best describes tropical cyclones? a) Large-scale temperate low-pressure systems b) Local windstorms over deserts c) Intense low-pressure systems over tropical oceans d) High-pressure systems causing droughts Answer: c
Which of the following is a major cause of tropical cyclone formation? a) Low humidity and cold ocean currents b) High ocean temperatures and low pressure c) High altitude and mountain barriers d) Presence of deserts and dry winds Answer: b
Which of the following is a key difference between tropical and temperate cyclones? a) Tropical cyclones form over land; temperate over seas b) Temperate cyclones are smaller and stronger c) Tropical cyclones form in low latitudes; temperate in mid-latitudes d) Tropical cyclones are cold-core systems Answer: c
Why are cyclones more frequent in the Bay of Bengal than in the Arabian Sea? a) The Arabian Sea has higher sea surface temperature b) The Bay of Bengal has more landmass c) The Bay of Bengal has warmer waters and higher humidity d) The Arabian Sea has weaker winds Answer: c
Western disturbances typically affect which part of India? a) Northeastern hills b) Western coast c) Northwest India and the Himalayas d) Central Plateau Answer: c
B. Climate and Weather Patterns in India
What is the ITCZ (Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone)? a) A belt of high-pressure subtropical zones b) A region where cold and warm air meet c) A low-pressure belt near the equator where trade winds converge d) A boundary between temperate and polar air Answer: c
What is the El Niño phenomenon? a) Cold ocean current near Africa b) Warm ocean current disrupting global weather c) Seasonal wind in Southeast Asia d) High-altitude air current Answer: b
How does La Niña differ from El Niño? a) La Niña causes droughts in India b) La Niña leads to warmer Pacific waters c) El Niño warms the Pacific; La Niña cools it d) Both cause similar effects on the Indian monsoon Answer: c
Jet streams are: a) Streams found in mountainous regions b) Ocean currents near the equator c) Fast-flowing air currents in the upper atmosphere d) Local winds in desert areas Answer: c
C. Monsoon and Rainfall Dynamics
Which of the following influences the onset of the Indian monsoon? a) Retreating Westerlies b) Shifting of the ITCZ c) Western disturbances d) Subtropical jet streams only Answer: b
Why is the monsoon known as a unifying force in India? a) It causes flooding everywhere b) It brings different types of winds c) It brings widespread rainfall across regions d) It promotes trade with neighboring countries Answer: c
Which of the following is a characteristic of the Southwest Monsoon? a) Cold and dry b) Irregular and light rainfall c) Moist and strong winds from the sea d) Winds blowing from the northeast Answer: c
Tamil Nadu receives rainfall mainly during: a) Southwest monsoon b) Summer thunderstorms c) Winter retreating monsoon d) Cyclonic rainfall in May Answer: c
D. Climatic Regions and Rainfall Distribution
Köppen’s classification is based primarily on: a) Latitude and longitude b) Rainfall and temperature c) Soil and vegetation d) Wind and ocean currents Answer: b
Why do the Western Ghats receive heavier rainfall than the Eastern Ghats? a) The Eastern Ghats are higher b) The Western Ghats face the moisture-laden monsoon winds c) The Eastern Ghats are parallel to the monsoon winds d) The Western Ghats are farther from the coast Answer: b
Despite proximity to the Arabian Sea, Rajasthan receives low rainfall because: a) Presence of deserts increases evaporation b) Winds become dry by the time they reach c) It lies in the rain shadow of the Aravallis d) It receives only cyclonic rain Answer: c
