Important MCQs on Health, Disease & Nutrition – For NEET, SSC, UPSC, and State Exams

Section A: Basics of Health and Disease

Which of the following defines health most accurately?
a) Merely the absence of disease
b) Physical fitness only
c) A state of physical, mental, and social well-being
d) Ability to perform daily tasks
Answer: c) A state of physical, mental, and social well-being
Which of the following is considered a communicable disease?
a) Diabetes
b) Hypertension
c) Tuberculosis
d) Cancer
Answer: c) Tuberculosis
Which condition is non-communicable?
a) Typhoid
b) Measles
c) Asthma
d) Influenza
Answer: c) Asthma
The pathogen responsible for Tuberculosis is:
a) Streptococcus pneumoniae
b) Mycobacterium tuberculosis
c) Salmonella typhi
d) Plasmodium vivax
Answer: b) Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Which organ is primarily affected by tuberculosis?
a) Heart
b) Kidneys
c) Lungs
d) Liver
Answer: c) Lungs

Which of the following diseases is caused by a protozoan?
a) Cholera
b) Malaria
c) Leprosy
d) Pneumonia
Answer: b) Malaria
Plasmodium is transmitted by:
a) Housefly
b) Sandfly
c) Female Anopheles mosquito
d) Male Aedes mosquito
Answer: c) Female Anopheles mosquito
Identify the viral disease among the following:
a) Typhoid
b) Tuberculosis
c) Measles
d) Cholera
Answer: c) Measles
What type of disease is caused due to poor nutrition?
a) Genetic disease
b) Infectious disease
c) Deficiency disease
d) Degenerative disease
Answer: c) Deficiency disease
Kwashiorkor is caused due to the deficiency of:
a) Fats
b) Proteins
c) Carbohydrates
d) Vitamins
Answer: b) Proteins

Which vitamin prevents night blindness?
a) Vitamin A
b) Vitamin B
c) Vitamin C
d) Vitamin D
Answer: a) Vitamin A
Scurvy is caused due to the deficiency of:
a) Vitamin A
b) Vitamin C
c) Vitamin D
d) Iron
Answer: b) Vitamin C
Rickets results from a lack of:
a) Calcium
b) Vitamin A
c) Vitamin D
d) Vitamin B
Answer: c) Vitamin D
Which mineral is essential for the formation of hemoglobin?
a) Calcium
b) Iron
c) Zinc
d) Iodine
Answer: b) Iron
Goitre is associated with the deficiency of:
a) Calcium
b) Iron
c) Iodine
d) Zinc
Answer: c) Iodine

Which of the following is not an autoimmune disease?
a) Rheumatoid arthritis
b) Psoriasis
c) Asthma
d) Vitiligo
Answer: c) Asthma
AIDS primarily affects which type of white blood cells?
a) B-cells
b) T-helper cells
c) NK cells
d) Platelets
Answer: b) T-helper cells
Which vaccine provides protection against tuberculosis?
a) Salk
b) BCG
c) MMR
d) DPT
Answer: b) BCG
Which of the following is a viral disease?
a) Malaria
b) Tuberculosis
c) Measles
d) Typhoid
Answer: c) Measles

Which disease is caused by the deficiency of Vitamin C?
a) Rickets
b) Scurvy
c) Pellagra
d) Xerophthalmia
Answer: b) Scurvy
Night blindness is caused by the deficiency of which vitamin?
a) Vitamin D
b) Vitamin A
c) Vitamin B1
d) Vitamin C
Answer: b) Vitamin A
The disease associated with protein deficiency in children is:
a) Marasmus
b) Pellagra
c) Kwashiorkor
d) Rickets
Answer: c) Kwashiorkor
Pellagra is caused due to deficiency of:
a) Vitamin B1
b) Vitamin B2
c) Vitamin B3
d) Vitamin B6
Answer: c) Vitamin B3

Which of the following is a protozoan disease?
a) Cholera
b) Malaria
c) Tuberculosis
d) Measles
Answer: b) Malaria
The vector responsible for spreading Dengue is:
a) Anopheles mosquito
b) Aedes mosquito
c) Culex mosquito
d) Tsetse fly
Answer: b) Aedes mosquito
The disease “Kala-azar” is caused by:
a) Trypanosoma
b) Plasmodium
c) Leishmania
d) Giardia
Answer: c) Leishmania

Which of the following vaccines is included in the Pentavalent vaccine?
a) Hepatitis B
b) Diphtheria
c) Pertussis
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
Which of these is not a component of the Universal Immunization Programme (UIP)?
a) Hepatitis B
b) Measles
c) Polio
d) Meningitis
Answer: d) Meningitis
The oral polio vaccine was developed by:
a) Edward Jenner
b) Albert Sabin
c) Louis Pasteur
d) Jonas Salk
Answer: b) Albert Sabin
Which of the following is a lifestyle disease?
a) Diabetes
b) Malaria
c) Tuberculosis
d) Polio
Answer: a) Diabetes