Top Chemistry Questions Set 16 – Atomic Structure, Ions, Orbitals & Quantum Theory

  1. The orientation of an atomic orbital is determined by the:
    a) Principal quantum number
    b) Magnetic quantum number
    c) Spin quantum number
    d) Azimuthal quantum number
    Answer: b
  2. Which of the following is NOT a cation?
    a) Aluminium ion
    b) Copper ion
    c) Sulphate ion
    d) Zinc ion
    Answer: c
  3. Two electrons in the same orbital are distinguished by their:
    a) Magnetic quantum number
    b) Spin quantum number
    c) Principal quantum number
    d) Azimuthal quantum number
    Answer: b
  4. If two electrons occupy the same orbital, they must have:
    a) Same spin
    b) Opposite spin
    c) Either same or opposite spin
    d) No spin
    Answer: b
  5. How is a cation formed?
    a) By gaining an electron
    b) By losing an electron
    c) By gaining a proton
    d) By losing a proton
    Answer: b
  6. Green plants absorb maximum light in which wavelength range?
    a) Green and yellow
    b) Red and blue
    c) Green and red
    d) Blue and yellow
    Answer: b
  7. How is an anion formed?
    a) By gaining an electron
    b) By losing an electron
    c) By gaining a proton
    d) By losing a proton
    Answer: a
  8. Which orbital has a dumbbell shape?
    a) s-orbital
    b) p-orbital
    c) d-orbital
    d) f-orbital
    Answer: b
  9. An atom has 7 electrons in the M-shell and 18 neutrons in the nucleus. What is its mass number?
    a) 25
    b) 27
    c) 35
    d) 43
    Answer: c
  10. Who discovered the proton?
    a) Rutherford
    b) Miescher
    c) Goldstein
    d) Cavendish
    Answer: a
  11. The nucleus of an atom contains:
    a) Only protons
    b) Protons and neutrons
    c) Neutrons and electrons
    d) Only neutrons
    Answer: b
  12. The atomic number of carbon is 6 and its atomic mass is 12. The number of protons is:
    a) 6
    b) 12
    c) 18
    d) 0
    Answer: a
  13. Which of the following is NOT electromagnetic in nature?
    a) Cathode rays
    b) X-rays
    c) Gamma rays
    d) Infrared rays
    Answer: a
  14. The Lyman series in the hydrogen atom lies in the:
    a) X-ray region
    b) Ultraviolet region
    c) Visible region
    d) Infrared region
    Answer: b
  15. The total energy of a revolving electron in an atom:
    a) Cannot be negative
    b) Can be any value above zero
    c) Can never be positive
    d) Is always positive
    Answer: c
  16. Which subatomic particle has no electric charge?
    a) Electron
    b) Proton
    c) Neutron
    d) All of the above
    Answer: c
  17. The statement, “It is impossible to determine simultaneously both position and velocity of an electron” refers to:
    a) Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle
    b) Pauli’s exclusion principle
    c) Aufbau principle
    d) De Broglie hypothesis
    Answer: a
  18. The correct formula of potassium ion in its stable state is:
    a) K⁺
    b) K²⁺
    c) K²⁻
    d) K⁻
    Answer: a
  19. The mass of one mole of a substance (in grams) is called:
    a) Nuclear mass
    b) Atomic mass
    c) Mass number
    d) Molar mass
    Answer: d
  20. An element with mass number 226 and atomic number 88 has how many neutrons?
    a) 88
    b) 138
    c) 214
    d) 50
    Answer: b
  21. The presence of unpaired electrons in nitrogen is explained by:
    a) Hund’s rule
    b) Aufbau principle
    c) Pauli’s exclusion principle
    d) Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle
    Answer: a
  22. According to Aufbau principle, the correct order of orbital energies is:
    a) 4p < 3d < 4s
    b) 4s < 4p < 3d
    c) 4s < 3d < 4p
    d) 3d < 4s < 4p
    Answer: c
  23. The number of neutrons in a hydrogen atom is:
    a) 1
    b) 0
    c) 2
    d) 3
    Answer: b
  24. The basic particles that make up an atom are:
    a) Proton, electron, meson
    b) Proton, electron, photon
    c) Proton, electron, neutron
    d) Proton, electron, deuteron
    Answer: c

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